Which of the following remote connectivity methods is used when data and management traffic use the same network infrastructure?
A. In-band
B. Native VLAN
C. Full-tunnel
D. Site-to-site
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: In-band management uses the same network infrastructure for both management traffic and regular data traffic. Out-of-band management, by contrast, uses a separate management network. The other options refer to VLAN behavior or VPN configurations rather than a management connectivity method.
Question 170
Which of the following is the most cost-effective way for a network administrator to establish a persistent, secure connection between two facilities?
A. Site-to-site VPN
B. GRE tunnel
C. VXLAN
D. Dedicated line
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A site-to-site VPN is the most cost-effective solution for creating a persistent, secure connection between two facilities. It uses the public internet with IPsec encryption to provide confidentiality and integrity at much lower cost than a dedicated leased line. GRE alone does not provide encryption, VXLAN is intended for Layer 2 network virtualization rather than secure site connectivity, and dedicated lines are secure and reliable but significantly more expensive.
Question 171
After a recent corporate merger, a network administrator needs to build reference documentation on multivendor infrastructure. Which of the following protocols will provide the information?
A. ICMP
B. CDP
C. LLDP
D. SIP
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol) is the IEEE 802.1AB vendor-neutral neighbor discovery protocol. It advertises device identity, capabilities, and connectivity information between directly connected devices, making it suitable for documenting multivendor network infrastructure after a merger. CDP is Cisco-proprietary, ICMP is for network diagnostics, and SIP is a signaling protocol for VoIP.
Question 173
Which of the following is the best way to keep devices on during a loss of power?
A. UPS
B. Power load
C. PDU
D. Voltage
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) provides temporary battery backup power during an outage, allowing devices to continue operating without interruption. A PDU only distributes power, power load is a measure of consumption, and voltage is an electrical property rather than a backup solution.
Question 174
Which of the following should an installer orient a port-side exhaust to when installing equipment?
A. The patch panel
B. The front of the IDF
C. The warm aisle
D. The administrator console
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Network equipment should be oriented so that its exhaust airflow discharges into the warm (hot) aisle. If the device has a port-side exhaust, the port side should face the warm aisle to preserve proper hot-aisle/cold-aisle airflow management.
Question 176
Which of the following describes the capability of a cloud service to adjust resources on demand?
A. Elasticity
B. Multitenancy
C. Containers
D. Scalability
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Elasticity is the cloud capability to automatically or dynamically increase and decrease resources on demand in response to workload changes. Scalability refers to the ability to handle growth by adding resources, while elasticity emphasizes automatic, demand-driven adjustment.
Question 177
Users are experiencing significant lag while connecting to a cloud-based application during peak hours. An examination of the network reveals that the bandwidth is being heavily utilized. Further analysis shows that only a few users are using the application at any given time. Which of the following is the most cost-effective solution for this issue?
A. Limit the number of users who can access the application.
B. Lease a Direct Connect connection to the cloud service provider.
C. Implement QoS to prioritize application traffic.
D. Use a CDN to service the application.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The issue occurs during peak bandwidth utilization, yet only a few users are actively using the application. Prioritizing the application's traffic with Quality of Service (QoS) ensures latency-sensitive application traffic is favored over less important traffic, improving performance without the higher recurring cost of a dedicated connection. Limiting users reduces availability, Direct Connect is more expensive than necessary, and a CDN primarily accelerates cacheable content rather than interactive application traffic.
Question 178
Which of the following can protect network equipment from voltage variations?
A. MDF
B. Power strips
C. PDU
D. UPS
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: A Power Distribution Unit (PDU), particularly an intelligent or conditioned PDU, is designed to distribute power to rack equipment while providing power conditioning that protects against voltage variations such as surges, spikes, and undervoltage. An MDF is a wiring facility, a power strip generally only distributes power without conditioning, and a UPS primarily provides battery backup during outages, though many models also include conditioning. In the exam context, voltage variation protection is attributed to the PDU.
Question 179
A network technician is attempting to harden a commercial switch that was recently purchased. Which of the following hardening techniques best mitigates the use of publicly available information?
A. Changing the default password
B. Blocking inbound SSH connections
C. Removing the gateway from the network configuration
D. Restricting physical access to the switch
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Changing the default password mitigates attacks that rely on publicly available vendor documentation listing default credentials. Default usernames/passwords are widely known, so replacing them with a strong unique password is a fundamental hardening step. Blocking inbound SSH, removing the gateway, or restricting physical access address different threat vectors rather than the use of publicly available default information.
Question 180
A company’s Chief Information Security Officer requires that servers and firewalls have accurate time stamps when creating log files so that security analysts can correlate events during incident investigations. Which of the following should be implemented?
A. Syslog server
B. SMTP
C. NTP
D. SNMP
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: NTP (Network Time Protocol) synchronizes system clocks across servers, firewalls, and other network devices so log timestamps are accurate and consistent, enabling reliable event correlation during incident investigations. Syslog centralizes log collection but does not synchronize time. SMTP is for email, and SNMP is for network monitoring and management.
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