A cloud vendor notifies an administrator that the router version currently in use will no longer be made. Which of the following describes the stage the router has reached and what needs to be done?
A. The router has reached end of support. The router’s software should be updated.
B. The router has reached end of support. The router should be replaced.
C. The router has reached end of life. The router’s software should be updated.
D. The router has reached end of life. The router should be replaced.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: A vendor notifying that a router version will no longer be made indicates the product has reached end of life (EOL), meaning it is no longer manufactured. The appropriate administrative action is to plan and replace the router with a supported model rather than simply updating software. End of support refers specifically to the cessation of vendor support for an existing product, not the fact that it is no longer manufactured.
Question 50
Which of the following has the most influence when determining the maximum data loss in the event of a disaster?
A. Recovery point objective
B. Business continuity and disaster recovery
C. Mean time to recover
D. Recovery time objective
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Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Recovery Point Objective (RPO) defines the maximum acceptable amount of data loss measured in time. It determines how much data may be lost between the last recoverable backup or replication point and the disaster. Recovery Time Objective (RTO) concerns how quickly services must be restored, MTTR measures average repair time, and BC/DR is the overall discipline rather than a specific data-loss metric.
Question 51
Which of the following would a customer most likely be accountable for in a shared responsibility model?
A. Security of data in the data centers
B. Security in the cloud
C. Security of the application
D. Security of the cloud
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Correct Answer: B
Explanation: In the shared responsibility model, the cloud provider is responsible for security of the cloud (the underlying infrastructure), while the customer is responsible for security in the cloud, including how they configure and secure their workloads, identities, applications, and data depending on the service model.
Question 52
An organization decides to migrate its software source code framework to microservices. Which of the following correctly describes this new approach?
A. Public cloud-managed services
B. Tightly coupled architecture
C. Private cloud-managed services
D. Loosely coupled architecture
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Microservices architecture is composed of small, independently deployable services that communicate through well-defined interfaces. This design minimizes dependencies between services, making it a loosely coupled architecture. The cloud deployment model (public or private) is unrelated to the definition of microservices, and tightly coupled is the opposite of the intended design.
Question 53
A cloud service provider just launched a new serverless service that is compliant with all security regulations. A company deployed its code using the service, and the company’s application was hacked due to leaked credentials. Which of the following is responsible?
A. Customer
B. Cloud service provider
C. Hacker
D. Code repository
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A cloud provider being compliant with security regulations and operating a serverless service fulfills its responsibility for security of the cloud. Leaked credentials used by the application's code fall under the customer's responsibility for security in the cloud, including credential management, application configuration, and secret handling. Therefore the customer is responsible for the breach caused by leaked credentials.
Question 54
Which of the following technologies can read the contents of a printed memo?
A. Document scanning
B. Sentiment analysis
C. Text recognition
D. Natural language processing
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Text recognition (optical character recognition, OCR) is the technology that reads printed characters from a scanned image and converts them into machine-readable text. Document scanning only captures an image, while natural language processing and sentiment analysis operate on text after it has been recognized.
Question 55
A public cloud environment customer wants to encrypt the data it puts in the cloud. However, the CSP prohibits customer encryption keys. Which of the following principles is the CSP violating?
A. Data ownership
B. Data sovereignty
C. Data classification
D. Data retention
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The CSP is violating the principle of data ownership. Data ownership includes the customer's right to control access to and protection of its data, including managing encryption keys. Prohibiting customer-managed encryption keys removes an important aspect of the customer's control over its own data. Data sovereignty concerns geographic/legal jurisdiction, data classification concerns labeling by sensitivity, and data retention concerns how long data is stored.
Question 56
A security engineer recently discovered a vulnerability in the operating system of the company VMs. The operations team reviews the issue and decides all VMs need to be updated from version 3.4.0 to 3.5.0. Which of the following best describes the type of update that will be applied?
A. Consistent
B. Patch
C. Minor
D. Ephemeral
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Semantic versioning uses Major.Minor.Patch. Updating from 3.4.0 to 3.5.0 changes the minor version while the major version remains 3 and the patch version remains 0. Therefore this is a minor update, not a patch update.
Question 57
A system surpasses 75% to 80% of resource consumption. Which of the following scaling approaches is the most appropriate?
A. Trending
B. Manual
C. Load
D. Scheduled
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Load-based scaling automatically adds or removes resources based on utilization or performance metrics. If resource consumption exceeds a threshold such as 75–80%, load-based policies trigger scaling, making this the appropriate approach. Trending is used for capacity planning, manual requires human intervention, and scheduled scaling is based on known time patterns rather than current utilization.
Question 58
A cloud engineer is developing an operating expense report that will be used to purchase various cloud billing models for virtual machine instances. The cloud billing model must meet the following requirements:
• The instance cannot be ephemeral.
• The minimum life cycle of the instance is expected to be five years.
• The software license is charged per physical CPU count.
Which of the following best meets these requirements?
A. Dedicated host
B. Spot instance
C. Pay-as-you-go
D. Resource metering
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: A dedicated host provides a non-ephemeral, long-lived physical server dedicated to a single customer and is appropriate when software licensing is based on physical CPU/socket/core visibility. Spot instances are ephemeral, pay-as-you-go is a pricing model rather than a host type and does not address the licensing requirement, and resource metering is only a usage tracking mechanism.
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