A retail point of sale (POS) system is an example of which type of solution?
A. a data warehouse
B. online analytical processing (OLAP)
C. extract, transform, and load (ETL)
D. online transaction processing (OLTP)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: A retail point of sale (POS) system handles high-volume, real-time transactions such as sales, payments, returns, and inventory updates. These characteristics define an Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) system, not analytical, warehousing, or ETL solutions.
Question 90
HOTSPOT
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Select the answer that correctly completes the sentence.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: cube
Explanation: An OLAP model stores aggregated warehouse data in multidimensional structures called cubes, optimized for analytical queries.
Question 91
DRAG DROP
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Match the terms to the appropriate descriptions.
To answer, drag the appropriate term from the column on the left to its description on the right. Each term may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
NOTE: Each correct match is worth one point.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: Extract, transform, and load (ETL)
Fact tables
Data warehouses
Explanation: ETL describes copying data from files and OLTP systems into an analytical system.
Fact tables store numeric, measurable values for analysis.
Data warehouses store data in read-optimized relational schemas.
Question 92
HOTSPOT
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Select the answer that correctly completes the sentence.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: Scatter charts
Explanation: Scatter charts plot two numeric variables on X and Y axes, making them ideal for comparing measures and identifying relationships or correlations.
Question 93
Which file format has defined names and data types for each column and uses compressed columnar storage?
A. HTML
B. CSV
C. Apache Parquet
D. JSON
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Apache Parquet defines a schema with explicit column names and data types and stores data in a compressed columnar format, enabling efficient storage and query performance. The other options are row-oriented or text-based formats without columnar compression.
Question 94
HOTSPOT
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For each of the following statements, select Yes if the statement is true. Otherwise, select No.
NOTE: Each correct selection is worth one point.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: Yes
No
Yes
Explanation: Hot tier uses high-performance storage optimized for frequent access. Cool tier has lower storage cost than Hot but higher access costs, so it does not incur higher storage costs. Archive tier is offline and has the highest access latency among the tiers.
Question 95
A data engineer is responsible for which task?
A. Explore data to identify trends.
B. Implement policies, tools, and processes for backup and recovery plans.
C. Design and build analytical models.
D. Design and implement data stores for analytical workloads.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: A data engineer focuses on designing, building, and maintaining data infrastructure. This includes creating and implementing data stores such as data warehouses, data lakes, and pipelines that support analytical workloads. The other options align with data analysts (A, C) or database administrators (B).
Question 96
DRAG DROP -
Match the types of data stores to the appropriate scenarios.
To answer, drag the appropriate data store type from the column on the left to its scenario on the right. Each data store type may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
NOTE: Each correct match is worth one point.
Select and Place:
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A list of application user names and, for each, the default language: Key/value
A collection of medical images and their associated metadata: Object
Employee data that shows the relationships between employees: Graph
Explanation: Key/value stores map a unique key (username) to simple values (language). Object storage is optimized for large unstructured data like images with metadata. Graph databases model entities and their relationships efficiently.
Question 97
What is a characteristic of non-relational data?
A. no indexes
B. self-describing entities
C. a well-defined schema
D. no unique key values
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Non-relational (NoSQL) data is typically schema-flexible or schema-less, meaning each record or entity contains information that describes its own structure. Documents, key-value items, or graph nodes are self-describing. In contrast, relational data requires a predefined, well-defined schema. Non-relational systems can still have indexes and unique keys, so options A and D are incorrect, and C describes relational data.
Question 98
You need to store event log data that is semi-structured and received as the logs occur.
What should you use?
A. Azure Table storage
B. Azure Queue storage
C. Azure Files
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Event log data is semi-structured and arrives continuously, which fits a scalable NoSQL key–value store. Azure Table Storage is designed to store large volumes of structured and semi-structured data with flexible schemas and high write throughput. Azure Queue Storage is for transient messaging, not long-term data storage or querying, and Azure Files is for file shares, not log/event data.
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