A company is running big data analytics and massive parallel computations on its AWS test and development servers. The company can tolerate occasional downtime.
What is the MOST cost-effective Amazon EC2 purchasing option for the company to use?
A. On-Demand Instances
B. Spot Instances
C. Reserved Instances
D. Savings Plans
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Spot Instances are the most cost-effective option for fault-tolerant workloads such as big data analytics, batch processing, and test/development environments that can tolerate interruptions. They offer steep discounts compared to On-Demand pricing in exchange for the possibility of occasional instance interruption. Reserved Instances and Savings Plans are intended for predictable, long-term usage, while On-Demand is the most flexible but generally more expensive.
Question 12
Which design principles are included in the reliability pillar of the AWS Well-Architected Framework? (Choose two.)
A. Automatically recover from failure.
B. Grant everyone access to increase AWS service quotas.
C. Stop guessing capacity.
D. Design applications to run in a single Availability Zone.
E. Plan to increase AWS service quotas first in a secondary AWS Region.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A, C
Explanation: The Reliability pillar includes designing workloads to automatically recover from failure and stopping guessing capacity by monitoring demand, automating resource scaling, and managing capacity. Granting broad access to increase service quotas is not a design principle, designing for a single Availability Zone reduces reliability, and planning quota increases first in a secondary Region is not one of the core Reliability design principles.
Question 13
A company is planning to use the Amazon EC2 instances as web servers. Customers from around the world will use the web servers. Most customers will use the web servers only during certain hours of the day.
How should the company deploy the EC2 instances to achieve the LOWEST operational cost?
A. In multiple Availability Zones
B. In an Auto Scaling group
C. In a placement group
D. In private subnets
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: An Auto Scaling group automatically increases the number of EC2 instances during periods of higher demand and decreases the number during low-usage hours. Because most customers use the web servers only during certain times of the day, this minimizes the number of running instances and therefore achieves the lowest operational cost. Multiple Availability Zones improve availability, placement groups optimize network performance, and private subnets improve security, but none primarily reduce compute costs.
Question 14
A company is using multiple AWS accounts for different business teams. The finance team wants to receive one bill for all of the company's accounts.
Which AWS service or tool should the finance team use to meet this requirement?
A. AWS Organizations
B. AWS Trusted Advisor
C. Cost Explorer
D. AWS Budgets
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: AWS Organizations supports consolidated billing, allowing multiple AWS accounts to be linked under a single management account so the company receives one combined bill. AWS Trusted Advisor provides recommendations, Cost Explorer analyzes costs, and AWS Budgets sets spending thresholds but neither consolidates billing.
Question 15
Which AWS service provides serverless compute for use with containers?
A. Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS)
B. AWS Fargate
C. AWS Elastic Beanstalk
D. Amazon SageMaker
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: AWS Fargate is the serverless compute engine for containers that works with Amazon ECS and Amazon EKS, allowing you to run containers without provisioning or managing servers. Amazon SQS is a messaging service, Elastic Beanstalk is an application deployment service, and SageMaker is for machine learning.
Question 16
A company uses Amazon RDS for a product database. The company wants to ensure the database is highly available.
Which feature of Amazon RDS will meet this requirement?
A. Read replicas
B. Blue/green deployment
C. Multi-AZ deployment
D. Reserved Instances
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Multi-AZ deployments provide high availability and automatic failover by maintaining a synchronous standby instance in a different Availability Zone. Read replicas are for scaling read traffic, blue/green deployments reduce deployment risk, and Reserved Instances are a pricing option.
Question 17
Which AWS services or features form the AWS Cloud global infrastructure? (Choose two.)
A. Availability Zones
B. Amazon ElastiCache
C. AWS Regions
D. Amazon S3
E. Amazon VPC
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A, C
Explanation: AWS Cloud global infrastructure consists of AWS Regions and Availability Zones. Services such as Amazon S3, Amazon ElastiCache, and Amazon VPC run within this infrastructure but are not themselves components of the global infrastructure.
Question 18
Which advantage of cloud computing allows users to scale resources up and down based on the amount of load that an application supports?
A. Go global in minutes
B. Stop guessing capacity
C. Benefit from massive economies of scale
D. Trade fixed expense for variable expense
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: The cloud computing advantage that enables users to scale resources up or down based on application demand is 'Stop guessing capacity.' Instead of estimating peak infrastructure needs in advance, cloud services allow elastic provisioning to match actual load, reducing over-provisioning and under-provisioning.
Question 19
Which guidelines are best practices for using AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)? (Choose two.)
A. Share access keys.
B. Create individual IAM users.
C. Use inline policies instead of customer managed policies.
D. Grant maximum privileges to IAM users.
E. Use groups to assign permissions to IAM users.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B, E
Explanation: AWS IAM best practices include creating individual IAM users (or individual identities) instead of sharing credentials, and assigning permissions through IAM groups to simplify and consistently manage access. Sharing access keys is insecure, inline policies are generally less reusable and manageable than customer managed policies, and users should receive least-privilege permissions rather than maximum privileges.
Question 20
A company needs to host a web server on Amazon EC2 instances for at least 1 year. The web server cannot tolerate interruption.
Which EC2 instance purchasing option will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. On-Demand Instances
B. Partial Upfront Reserved Instances
C. Spot Instances
D. No Upfront Reserved Instances
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A workload that must run continuously for at least one year should use Reserved Instances (or equivalent commitment discounts). Spot Instances can be interrupted, and On-Demand is more expensive over a one-year steady-state workload. Between the Reserved Instance payment options, Partial Upfront provides a lower overall cost than No Upfront for the same term, making it the most cost-effective among the choices.
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