A user needs to perform a one-time backup of an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume that is attached to an Amazon EC2 instance.
What is the MOST operationally efficient way to perform this backup?
A. Attach another EBS volume to the EC2 instance, and copy the contents.
B. Copy the EBS volume to a server that is running outside AWS and is connected with AWS Direct Connect.
C. Create an EBS snapshot of the volume.
D. Create a custom script to copy the EBS file contents to Amazon S3.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: An Amazon EBS snapshot is the native, point-in-time backup mechanism for EBS volumes. It is the most operationally efficient option because AWS manages the snapshot process, stores snapshots incrementally in Amazon S3 behind the scenes, and allows easy restoration or creation of new volumes from the snapshot. The other options require unnecessary manual copying or custom scripting.
Question 183
A company needs an event history of which AWS resources the company has created.
Which AWS service will provide this information?
A. Amazon CloudWatch
B. AWS CloudTrail
C. Amazon Aurora
D. Amazon EventBridge
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: AWS CloudTrail records API activity and account events, providing an event history of AWS resource creation, modification, and deletion. This makes it the service used to track which AWS resources have been created. CloudWatch is for monitoring and metrics, Aurora is a database service, and EventBridge routes events but does not serve as the authoritative event history.
Question 184
A company is using AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM).
Who can manage the access keys of the AWS account root user?
A. IAM users in the same account that have been granted permission
B. IAM roles in any account that have been granted permission
C. IAM users and roles that have been granted permission
D. The AWS account owner
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The AWS account root user's access keys are tied to the root user itself and cannot be managed through IAM permissions. Only the AWS account owner by signing in as the root user can create, rotate, or delete the root user's access keys.
Question 185
Which AWS service or feature allows a company to have its own logically isolated section of the AWS Cloud?
A. AWS VPN
B. Availability Zones
C. Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC)
D. AWS Regions
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) provides a logically isolated virtual network within the AWS Cloud where you can launch AWS resources with control over networking, IP addressing, routing, and security. Availability Zones and Regions are physical/geographic infrastructure concepts, and AWS VPN provides secure connectivity rather than isolation.
Question 186
Which benefit is always free of charge with AWS, regardless of a user’s AWS Support plan?
A. AWS Developer Support
B. AWS Developer Forums
C. Programmatic case management
D. AWS technical account manager (TAM)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: AWS Developer Forums are available free to all AWS users regardless of support plan. AWS Developer Support is a paid support plan, programmatic case management requires a paid support plan, and a Technical Account Manager (TAM) is provided with Enterprise-level support offerings.
Question 187
An ecommerce company plans to move its data center workload to the AWS Cloud to support highly dynamic usage patterns.
Which benefits make the AWS Cloud cost-effective for the migration of this type of workload? (Choose two.)
A. Reliability
B. Security
C. Elasticity
D. Pay-as-you-go resource
E. High availability
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C, D
Explanation: The workload has highly dynamic usage patterns, so elasticity allows resources to scale up and down with demand, avoiding overprovisioning. The pay-as-you-go pricing model means the company pays only for the resources it uses, making the migration cost-effective. Reliability, security, and high availability are important cloud benefits but are not the primary cost-saving factors for this scenario.
Question 188
Which statements accurately describe the relationships among components of AWS global infrastructure? (Choose two.)
A. There are more AWS Regions than Availability Zones.
B. There are more edge locations than AWS Regions.
C. An edge location is an Availability Zone.
D. There are more AWS Regions than edge locations.
E. There are more Availability Zones than AWS Regions.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B, E
Explanation: AWS has many more edge locations than Regions because edge locations are part of the Amazon CloudFront and edge services network distributed globally. Each AWS Region contains one or more Availability Zones, so the total number of Availability Zones exceeds the number of Regions. Therefore, B and E are correct.
Question 189
A company needs to deploy a PostgreSQL database into Amazon RDS. The database must be highly available and fault tolerant.
Which AWS solution should the company use to meet these requirements?
A. Amazon RDS with a single Availability Zone
B. Amazon RDS snapshots
C. Amazon RDS with multiple Availability Zones
D. AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Amazon RDS Multi-AZ deployments provide high availability and fault tolerance by maintaining a synchronous standby replica in a different Availability Zone and automatically failing over if the primary instance becomes unavailable. A single-AZ deployment is not highly available, snapshots are for backup and recovery rather than automatic failover, and AWS DMS is for database migration, not HA.
Question 190
A company wants to rightsize its Amazon EC2 instances.
Which configuration change will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Add EC2 instances in another Availability Zone.
B. Change the size and type of the EC2 instances based on utilization.
C. Convert the payment method from On-Demand to Savings Plans.
D. Reprovision the EC2 instances with a larger instance type.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Rightsizing means selecting the appropriate EC2 instance size and family based on actual workload utilization to optimize cost and performance. Changing the size and type of EC2 instances based on utilization directly accomplishes rightsizing with minimal operational overhead. Adding another Availability Zone improves availability, changing to Savings Plans affects pricing rather than sizing, and simply using a larger instance type is not rightsizing and may increase overprovisioning.
Question 191
Which AWS Cloud design principle is a company using when the company implements AWS CloudTrail?
A. Activate traceability.
B. Use serverless compute architectures.
C. Perform operations as code.
D. Go global in minutes.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: AWS CloudTrail records and logs AWS API activity, enabling auditing, monitoring, and governance. This directly supports the AWS Well-Architected design principle to activate traceability by providing traceable records of actions and changes in the environment.
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