Professional Cloud Database Engineer Free Practice Questions — Page 8
Question 71
You work for a financial services company that wants to use fully managed database services. Traffic volume for your consumer services products has increased annually at a constant rate with occasional spikes around holidays. You frequently need to upgrade the capacity of your database. You want to use Cloud Spanner and include an automated method to increase your hardware capacity to support a higher level of concurrency. What should you do?
A. Use linear scaling to implement the Autoscaler-based architecture
B. Use direct scaling to implement the Autoscaler-based architecture.
C. Upgrade the Cloud Spanner instance on a periodic basis during the scheduled maintenance window.
D. Set up alerts that are triggered when Cloud Spanner utilization metrics breach the threshold, and then schedule an upgrade during the scheduled maintenance window.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The requirement is an automated method to increase Cloud Spanner capacity as demand grows. This rules out manual periodic upgrades and alert-driven maintenance. For a workload with steadily increasing traffic and occasional large holiday spikes, the Cloud Spanner Autoscaler using linear scaling is the recommended approach because it adjusts capacity proportionally to changing demand and is suited to gradually changing workloads with a few large peaks.
Question 72
Your organization stores marketing data such as customer preferences and purchase history on Bigtable. The consumers of this database are predominantly data analysts and operations users. You receive a service ticket from the database operations department citing poor database performance between 9 AM-10 AM every day. The application team has confirmed no latency from their logs. A new cohort of pilot users that is testing a dataset loaded from a third-party data provider is experiencing poor database performance. Other users are not affected. You need to troubleshoot the issue. What should you do?
A. Isolate the data analysts and operations user groups to use different Bigtable instances.
B. Check the Cloud Monitoring table/bytes_used metric from Bigtable.
C. Use Key Visualizer for Bigtable.
D. Add more nodes to the Bigtable cluster.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Use Key Visualizer for Bigtable to diagnose performance issues such as hotspotting, uneven key distribution, or skewed access patterns. Since only the new pilot dataset is affected while other users are not, the issue is likely related to row-key design or access patterns in that dataset rather than overall cluster capacity. Adding nodes does not fix hotspotting, checking table/bytes_used is not the appropriate diagnostic for latency, and isolating users into separate instances is premature without identifying the root cause.
Question 73
Your organization has a busy transactional Cloud SQL for MySQL instance. Your analytics team needs access to the data so they can build monthly sales reports. You need to provide data access to the analytics team without adversely affecting performance. What should you do?
A. Create a read replica of the database, provide the database IP address, username, and password to the analytics team, and grant read access to required tables to the team.
B. Create a read replica of the database, enable the cloudsql.iam_authentication flag on the replica, and grant read access to required tables to the analytics team.
C. Enable the cloudsql.iam_authentication flag on the primary database instance, and grant read access to required tables to the analytics team.
D. Provide the database IP address, username, and password of the primary database instance to the analytics, team, and grant read access to required tables to the team.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Use a read replica to offload analytical read workloads from the busy primary instance, preventing impact on transactional performance. Enabling IAM database authentication on the replica provides centralized, more secure authentication while database-level read privileges can still be granted to the required tables. Options C and D use the primary instance, which does not meet the performance requirement.
Sources:
https://cloud.google.com/sql/mysql
Question 74
Your company is developing a new global transactional application that must be ACID-compliant and have 99.999% availability. You are responsible for selecting the appropriate Google Cloud database to serve as a datastore for this new application. What should you do?
A. Use Firestore.
B. Use Cloud Spanner.
C. Use Cloud SQL.
D. Use Bigtable.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Cloud Spanner is the managed relational database designed for globally distributed, ACID-compliant transactional workloads with horizontal scalability and up to 99.999% availability in multi-region configurations. Firestore offers transactions but is a document database rather than the typical choice for global relational transactional applications; Cloud SQL does not provide 99.999% global availability; Bigtable is not ACID for relational transactions.
Question 75
You want to migrate your PostgreSQL database from another cloud provider to Cloud SQL. You plan on using Database Migration Service and need to assess the impact of any known limitations. What should you do? (Choose two.)
A. Identify whether the database has over 512 tables.
B. Identify all tables that do not have a primary key.
C. Identity all tables that do not have at least one foreign key.
D. Identify whether the source database is encrypted using pgcrypto extension.
E. Identify whether the source database uses customer-managed encryption keys (CMEK).
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B, E
Explanation: Database Migration Service for PostgreSQL has a known limitation for tables without primary keys: initial load and INSERT CDC are supported, but UPDATE/DELETE replication is not, so identifying such tables is important. It also has limitations around encrypted source databases that require customer-managed encryption keys; if DMS cannot access the CMEKs, migration cannot proceed. The pgcrypto extension itself is supported by Cloud SQL, so simply using pgcrypto is not a limitation.
Question 76
Your organization is running a Firestore-backed Firebase app that serves the same top ten news stories on a daily basis to a large global audience. You want to optimize content delivery while decreasing cost and latency. What should you do?
A. Enable serializable isolation in the Firebase app.
B. Deploy a US multi-region Firestore location.
C. Build a Firestore bundle, and deploy bundles to Cloud CDN.
D. Create a Firestore index on the news story date.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Firestore Bundles let you package query results and serve them as static assets via a CDN. For largely static content such as the daily top ten news stories, hosting bundles on Cloud CDN reduces Firestore reads, lowers latency for a global audience, and decreases cost. Serializable isolation, additional indexes, or simply choosing a multi-region database do not provide the same caching and read-cost benefits.
Question 77
You need to migrate a 1 TB PostgreSQL database from a Compute Engine VM to Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL. You want to ensure that there is minimal downtime during the migration. What should you do?
A. Export the data from the existing database, and load the data into a new Cloud SQL database.
B. Use Migrate for Compute Engine to complete the migration.
C. Use Datastream to complete the migration.
D. Use Database Migration Service to complete the migration.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Database Migration Service is the recommended Google Cloud service for migrating PostgreSQL from Compute Engine to Cloud SQL with minimal downtime. It supports continuous replication to keep the target synchronized until cutover. Export/import involves significant downtime, Migrate for Compute Engine migrates VMs rather than databases, and while Datastream can replicate data, Database Migration Service is the purpose-built managed migration service for this scenario.
Question 78
You have a large Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instance. The database instance is not mission-critical, and you want to minimize operational costs. What should you do to lower the cost of backups in this environment?
A. Set the automated backups to occur every other day to lower the frequency of backups.
B. Change the storage tier of the automated backups from solid-state drive (SSD) to hard disk drive (HDD).
C. Select a different region to store your backups.
D. Reduce the number of automated backups that are retained to two (2).
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Cloud SQL automated backups do not support reducing backup frequency to every other day, and backup storage tier (SSD vs HDD) is not a configurable option for backups. Changing the backup region is not a cost optimization mechanism. Reducing the automated backup retention count decreases the amount of retained backup storage, which lowers backup storage costs for a non-mission-critical database.
Question 79
You are the primary DBA of a Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL database that supports 6 enterprise applications in production. You used Cloud SQL Insights to identify inefficient queries and now need to identify the application that is originating the inefficient queries. You want to follow Google-recommended practices. What should you do?
A. Shut down and restart each application.
B. Write a utility to scan database query logs.
C. Write a utility to scan application logs.
D. Use query tags to add application-centric database monitoring.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Cloud SQL Query Insights supports query tags (via sqlcommenter) to associate queries with application metadata such as application, API, and MVC route. This is the recommended way to identify which application is generating inefficient queries. Restarting applications does not identify query sources, and scanning logs is unnecessary when Query Insights provides application-centric monitoring through query tags.
Question 80
Your company wants you to migrate their Oracle, MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, and PostgreSQL relational databases to Google Cloud. You need a fully managed, flexible database solution when possible. What should you do?
A. Migrate all the databases to Cloud SQL.
B. Migrate the Oracle, MySQL, and Microsoft SQL Server databases to Cloud SQL, and migrate the PostgreSQL databases to Compute Engine.
C. Migrate the MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, and PostgreSQL databases to Compute Engine, and migrate the Oracle databases to Bare Metal Solution for Oracle.
D. Migrate the MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, and PostgreSQL databases to Cloud SQL, and migrate the Oracle databases to Bare Metal Solution for Oracle.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Cloud SQL is a fully managed service that supports MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Microsoft SQL Server, but not Oracle. For Oracle workloads on Google Cloud, Bare Metal Solution is the appropriate offering. This satisfies the requirement to use a fully managed, flexible database solution where possible, while accommodating Oracle on the supported platform.
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