SIMULATION
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Approximately 100 employees at your company have received a phishing email. As a security analyst, you have been tasked with handling this situation.
INSTRUCTIONS
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Review the information provided and determine the following:
1. How many employees clicked on the link in the phishing email?
2. On how many workstations was the malware installed?
3. What is the executable file name of the malware?
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Show Answer
Correct Answer: 7
4
mailclient.exe
Explanation: The email logs indicate about 100 recipients. The web/file access logs show 7 unique workstations visiting the phishing URL, and the SIEM logs show 4 of those systems creating the suspicious process shortly afterward. The malware executable is mailclient.exe.
Question 112
A security manager has decided to form a special group of analysts who participate in both penetration testing and defending the company's network infrastructure during exercises.
Which of the following teams should the group form in order to achieve this goal?
A. Blue team
B. Purple team
C. Red team
D. Green team
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: A purple team combines offensive (red team) and defensive (blue team) functions, enabling analysts to participate in both penetration testing and network defense during exercises. A red team focuses on attacking, a blue team focuses on defending, and a green team is not the correct term for this combined role.
Question 113
A red team engineer discovers that analyzing multiple pieces of less sensitive public information results in knowledge of a sensitive piece of confidential information. Which of the following best describes this security issue?
A. Inference
B. Stored procedure
C. Aggregation
D. Cross-origin resource sharing
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Inference is the process of deriving sensitive information by analyzing multiple pieces of less sensitive or public information. Aggregation refers to collecting or combining data such that the combined dataset itself becomes sensitive, whereas the question emphasizes that analysis of the information leads to knowledge of confidential information. Stored procedures and CORS are unrelated.
Question 114
An analyst is reviewing an SSLscan from a web server in an environment:
The analyst needs to immediately disable ciphers that do not comply with company security standards. Which of the following ciphers is the least secure and should be disabled?
A. AES128-SHA
B. 128 bits DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 DHE 2048 bits
C. ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA Curve 25519 DHE 253
D. ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 Curve P-384 DHE 384
E. DES-CBC3-SHA
F. AES256-GCM-SHA384
Show Answer
Correct Answer: E
Explanation: DES-CBC3-SHA uses Triple DES (3DES), which has a 64-bit block size and is deprecated due to vulnerabilities such as SWEET32. Modern security standards recommend disabling 3DES in favor of AES-based suites, especially those using GCM and forward secrecy (DHE/ECDHE). Among the listed options, DES-CBC3-SHA is the least secure and should be disabled.
Question 115
A company runs a website that allows public posts. Recently, some users report that when visiting the website, pop-ups appear asking the users for their credentials.
Which of the following is the most likely cause of this issue?
A. Rootkit
B. SQL injection
C. CSRF
D. XSS
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Public posts that trigger credential-stealing pop-ups are most consistent with stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), where malicious JavaScript is injected into user-generated content and executed in visitors' browsers. SQL injection targets the database, CSRF causes unauthorized actions by authenticated users, and a rootkit is host-based malware, none of which directly explain browser pop-ups embedded in website content.
Question 116
An analyst wants to detect outdated software packages on a server. Which of the following methodologies will achieve this objective?
A. Data loss prevention
B. Configuration management
C. Common vulnerabilities and exposures
D. Credentialed scanning
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Credentialed (authenticated) scanning logs into the target system and can enumerate installed software and package versions, making it the appropriate methodology for identifying outdated software packages. Data loss prevention protects sensitive data, configuration management manages desired system state rather than actively detecting outdated packages, and CVE is a vulnerability catalog rather than a scanning methodology.
Question 117
A third-party assessment of a recent incident determined that the incident response team spent too long trying to get the scope needed for the incident timeline and too much time was spent searching for false positives. Which of the following should the team work on first?
A. Playbook edits
B. Ticket system automation
C. Detection tuning
D. Standard operating procedure refinement
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: The assessment identifies excessive time spent investigating false positives, which is most directly addressed by detection tuning. Improving detection fidelity reduces noisy alerts, allowing analysts to focus on true incidents and more quickly establish incident scope and timelines. Playbooks, ticket automation, and SOP refinements can improve process efficiency, but reducing false positives is the highest-impact first step based on the findings.
Question 118
An analyst reviews the following web server log entries:
%2E%2E/%2E%2E/%2E%2E/%2E%2E/%2E%2E/%2E%2E/etc/passwd
No attacks or malicious attempts have been discovered. Which of the following most likely describes what took place?
A. A SQL injection query took place to gather information from a sensitive file.
B. A PHP injection was leveraged to ensure that the sensitive file could be accessed.
C. Base64 was used to prevent the IPS from detecting the fully encoded string.
D. Directory traversal was performed to obtain a sensitive file for further reconnaissance.
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The path '%2E%2E/%2E%2E/.../etc/passwd' URL-decodes to '../../../../../../etc/passwd', a classic directory traversal (path traversal) attempt intended to access the Unix/Linux passwd file outside the web root. Accessing /etc/passwd is commonly used for reconnaissance to learn about the target system. This is not SQL injection, PHP injection, or Base64 encoding.
Question 119
An organization performs software assurance activities and reviews some web framework code that uses exploitable jquery modules. Which of the following tools or techniques should the organization use to help identify these issues?
A. Security Content Automation Protocol
B. Application fuzzing
C. Common weakness enumeration
D. Static analysis
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Static analysis examines source code and dependencies without executing the application. It can identify the use of vulnerable or outdated third-party libraries such as exploitable jQuery modules. SCAP is for standardized vulnerability/configuration reporting, fuzzing finds runtime issues by malformed inputs, and CWE is a taxonomy of weakness types rather than a detection technique.
Question 120
A security analyst finds an application that cannot enforce the organization’s password policy. An exception is granted. As a compensating control, all users must confirm that their passwords comply with the organization’s policy. Which of the following types of compensating controls is the organization using?
A. Corrective
B. Managerial
C. Technical
D. Detective
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Requiring users to attest that their passwords comply with organizational policy is an administrative (managerial) compensating control. It relies on policy, user acknowledgment, and procedural compliance rather than technical enforcement. It is not corrective (fixing issues after they occur), technical (implemented by technology), or detective (identifying violations).
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